فصلنامه علوم پزشکی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد
پیاپی 1 (بهار 1384)

Preterm labour, in which case 75 percent isaccompanied with infant morbidity and infant mortality, is one ofthe most important difficulties of obstetrics in the world today.This analytical research aims atidentifying the relation between preterm labour and prenatal lifeevents stress of partureients confined to bed in the women s wardof Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals in Mashhad during the year1377. The research is typically a retrospective case - control one,and has been carried out upon 385 qualified parturients 35 ofwhich belong to case group and 350 to control group). It waspreferred to make use of aim - oriented sampling method in onestage through which interview form (personal, family, obstetrics,information), Holms Rahe life stress scale and observation formhave been used.The analysis of the data was done by spss sottware.throughout the procss x2 test, correlation, T test, one way varianceand logestic regression were used.The results of the investigation showed that there isa significant statistical relation between stress (P<0.0001,OR=1.003), undesirable stress (P<0.0001, OR=1.002), self-ratedstress (P<0.0002, OR=1.0086), undesirable self-rated stress(P<0.0001, OR=1.009) and pretem lobour; however, such arelation was not found between desirable stress (P=0.33),self-rated desirable stress (P=0.25) and preterm labour. Thereforethe first theory of the investigation that undesirable stress duringpregnancy increases the risk of preterm labour was verified(P<0.0001) and the second theory that desirable stress duringpregnancy increases preterm labour was rejected. (P=0.25)Cnclvsion:The researcher suggests that by teaching copingstrategies regarding stress to pregnant women and emotionalsupport of their husbands, family members and the society the riskof preterm labour incidence could be reduced.

tooth decay is commonest disease after cold. As you know mouth and tooth are as the gate for entering food which is important in growth, good action, creating good and enjoyable feeling out because of neglecting in mouth and tooth health made them more damaged. This article is an epidemiologic survey report whose aim is appointing tooth decay prevalence´ s in elementary students in mashhad. more than 5000 students from the point of decay and 2800 students from the point of DMFT are studied. There are milk teeth and permanent teeth in children´ s mouth: the result of report in divided to milk teeth decay and permanent teeth decay among 5377 students who are examined the scale of decay in milk teeth was %48 and the decay in permanent teeth was %3 also from the point of DMFT the average of examined students was 2/6/0 The goal for world health organization is the DMFT less 1/2 for the children in 12 years; then for opportunity to this aim we need mouth: and teeth health promotion

Goll bladder is an organ that due to special anatomical position is prone to gall stone formation. This study is a retrospective and prospective analysis amoung 339 patient who become cholecystectomy From 1376 to 1379 in 17th shahrivar´ s hospital that supervised by Azad university of mashhad. In this resarch we have studied the correlation of gall stone disease with corresponding factors: Age, sex, occupation. blood group, OCP usage. Living area, clinical and paraclinical data. Also in this research Type and color, and outer surface of gall stone heve been studied. Gall stone is more prevalent in female (female / male = 6/1) The most occurance in both sex is in seventh decade. Only 8.3% of patients had the family history of gall stone disease. Increase in the number of children has an important role in production of gall stone in female population. Prevalence of gallstone formation increased in patients with AB blood group and decteased with RH negative. Gallstone disease have more prevalence in jobs with less physical activity (house holders, employess, drivers) and, most of patient´ s (75/9%) were living in town´ s. Results of the study about clinical manifestation: a) RUQ pain (92.6%) b) Radiation of the pain to back and shoulders (63%) c) Epigastric pain (27.6%) d) Exacerbation of the pain after eating food (26%) e) Nausea and vomiting (64.4%) f) Fever and chills (30%) that was more prevalent in men g) Janudice (10.1%) that was more prevalent in men The evaluation of gallstone 59% mixed stone, 38% cholestrol stone, 11% pigment stone. Conclvsion: Significant relation was found between the colour and type of stons It was that the all of the whith stones and most of the yellow stones were cholestrol type and most of the green and brown stones were mixid and all of the black stones were pigment type.

Back ground: Skin cancers are the most common malignancy among cancers and annually thousands of new cases are reported. Objeetives: The purpose of this study is to determine if blood groups are risk factors for skin cancers.Patients & During this study in Ghaem, Imam Reza, and Omid hospitals, about 423 patients that suffer from SCC, BCC, and MM were studied from 1363 to 1373. This study was prospective and retrospective. In retrospective cases, we used the archives of paticnts’ files and in the prospective cases, the patients with positive biopsies for malignancy were examined about their blood groups. according to the results of this study and comparing them with the Blood Transfer Organization’s statistics, the variety of blood groups in healthy people and the patients with skin cancer, were same. blood groups are NOT the risk factors for skin malignancy.

Environmental factor affect blood pressure by many mechanisms. Seasonal variation in Essential Hypertension showed that in winter blood pressure increase, especially in old or low weight people. This study designed to evaluate the effect of temperature and climate in blood pressure of Non Insulin Dependent Diabetic patient. Patients and This study is a Historical prospective study of NIDDM patients, sample size was estimated 100 patients. Study performed in three phase with a standardized method. First systolic and diastolic pressure measured in summer and winter in Bandarabbas City that has warm and humid weather most of the time of year. In Second phase mean of systolic and diastolic pressure compared of patient in Bandarabbas compared to these pressure in Mashad City as a cold and dry city. In Third phase, comparison such as second phase was performed only in heprtensive patient. Statistical analysis: Student T test, F statistics, Kruskal Wallis, Paired t test, By EPIINFO software. First phase- 29 patients were evaluated in this phase, and it showed that there is not any difference in systolic and diastolic pressure of two cold and warm season in the first city (Bandar Abbas). Second Phase: 398 patients in I3andar and 102 patients in Mashad city were entered in the second phase. Mean systolic pressure was 126+ /-21 and 133+ /-27.9 mmHg respectively and mean diastolic pressure was 74.6+ /-9.8 and 78.7+ /-14.5 mmHg. Statistical analysis showed significant difference for both systolic and diastolic pressure (p=0.004 and p= 0.0008 respectively). Third phase: Again as like as second phase Statistical analysis showed significant difference for BandarAbbas and Mashad city in both systolic and diastolic pressure of hypertensive patients (p=0.05 and p=0.005 respectively). In Bandar Abbas city there is not any alteration in blood pressure of cold and warm season (may be because of mild and transient change in weather of two season) but in analysis for cold city of Mashad and warm city of Bandar Abbas there was significant difference in blood pressure of both general population and hypertensive diabetic patients.

Intoduction: Pelvis Floor relaxation syndrome is seen in 50% to 60% of Woman especially in Woman With Vaginal delivery. The purpose of the present study is Testing the efect of Vaginal cones on pelvic muscle strength. 25 Woman with relaxation of pelvic floor are chosen for treatment with vaginal cones. They were evaluated in three phases: before, during and after 6 weeks of treatment and the data were recorded by instructed interviewer form of recording of use of vaginal cones. The mann-whitney u-Test and the Wiloxon matched pair test were used for statistical evaluation. Results indicated that there are statisticaly significant difference between average of strength of pelvic floor muscle before and after treatment (p=0.001) There is a positive relationship between active cone and avarage of strength of pelvic floor muscle before and after treatmment (r= 0.59 before r= 0.72 after) Conclosion: Accordring to results "Vaginal cone" is an effective, safe, Low cost method of testing and training of pelvic Floor muscle.